would be useful in his future career. . . . Moreover the 
     university required that students present themselves at 
     their courses furnished with books they had made, and if 
     not that at least there be a book shared among every 
     three students. . . . Finally, in presenting himself for his 
     candidature for a degree, the candidate was required to 
     present the books which belonged to him. In the liberal 
     careers, it was the corps of the profession in question 
     that examined the candidates for a post in order to see in 
     what measure they were furnished with books. (25) 
          
          
     The separation of words and music by the print 
technology was no more decisive than its separation of visual 
and oral reading. Moreover, until printing the reader or 
consumer was literally involved as producer. Hajnal describes